Which of the following attributes is measured by a pH meter?

A pH meter is a scientific instrument specifically designed to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, expressed as pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating acidic solutions, values around 7 indicating neutrality, and values above 7 indicating alkalinity. This measurement is crucial in food science for a number of reasons, including food preservation, fermentation processes, and maintaining proper flavor profiles.

The other attributes listed—moisture content, color intensity, and texture—are measured using different methods and techniques. Moisture content can be quantified through drying methods or moisture analyzers. Color intensity is often measured using colorimeters or spectrophotometers. Texture is typically assessed through sensory evaluation or texture analyzers that measure physical properties like firmness or chewiness. Therefore, the only attribute among the options that a pH meter can measure is acidity or alkalinity.