What substance competes with water for the gelatinization of starch?

Sugar competes with water for the gelatinization of starch because it can decrease the availability of water needed for starch to swell and gelatinize properly. Gelatinization is the process where starch granules absorb water and heat, causing them to swell and ultimately leading to the thickening of mixtures in cooking and baking. When sugar is present, it can attract water molecules, reducing the amount of water that is available for starch hydration. This interaction can affect the texture and consistency of the final product.

In other contexts, while salt can influence the overall flavor and may have some impact on gelatinization by affecting the interaction of starch molecules, it does not directly compete with water in the same way sugar does. Flour, while related to the starch component, does not compete directly for water but rather serves as a source of starch for gelatinization. Fat can alter the texture and mouthfeel by coating starch granules, but it does not compete for water in the gelatinization process.