What is the function of phytochemicals in human nutrition?

Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds found in plants that contribute to their color, flavor, and disease resistance. In human nutrition, these bioactive compounds play a significant role in promoting health and preventing disease. Research has shown that consuming foods rich in phytochemicals can offer various health benefits, including antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory properties, and support for a healthy immune system. They may also help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the role of phytochemicals. While some preservatives can be derived from plant sources, their primary function is not related to the health benefits associated with phytochemicals. Essential amino acids, which are vital for protein synthesis, are typically obtained from proteins in various foods rather than from phytochemicals. Lastly, while energy is essential for the body, the primary sources of energy are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, not phytochemicals. Thus, phytochemicals stand out for their unique contributions to human health beyond basic nutrition.