What does the term “tenderization” refer to in food preparation?

Tenderization refers specifically to the process of breaking down proteins in meat to improve its texture and make it more palatable. When meat is tenderized, the tough connective tissues and muscle fibers are disrupted, which can result in a more enjoyable eating experience. This is often achieved through various methods, such as marination, mechanical tenderizing (using tools to physically break down the tissue), or cooking techniques that apply slow, moist heat to allow collagen to dissolve and soften the meat.

The other options address different aspects of food preparation. While improving color in fruits and vegetables, enhancing the flavor of cooked vegetables, and mixing spices into sauces are all important culinary techniques, they do not relate to the concept of tenderization, which is solely focused on the modification of meat texture.